Novel Instruments

Objectives:

To construct a pulse amplitude modulation generator, and to observe the characteristics of single polarity pulse amplitude modulation.
To observe the demodulated waveform.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V @ 250mA.
555 IC-timer as a RF generator with 400 KHz fixed frequency.
The modulation is controlled with a CMOS sampling switch 4016 IC.
BC 107 is used for demodulation in CE configuration.

Objectives:

To construct a pulse width modulator.
To observe that the width of the pulses that altered although the amplitude of the modulating frequency is varied.
To observe that the pulse height is constant although the amplitude of modulating frequency is varied.

Specifications

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V, -12V @ 250mA.
555 IC is used as clk generator with fixed freq. of 20KHz and fixed amplitude.
LM 324 IC is used as AF generator with fixed freq. of 500Hz and variable amplitude.
555 IC is used as modulator and Op-Amp 324 IC is used a demodulator.

Objectives:

To construct a pulse position modulator.
To observe that the position of the pulse are altered although the amplitude of the modulating frequency is varied.
To observe that the pulse height is constant although the amplitude of modulating frequency is varied.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V, -12V @ 250mA.
555 IC is used as clk generator with fixed freq. of 20 KHz and fixed amplitude.
LM 324 IC is used as AF generator with fixed freq. of 500Hz and variable amplitude.
555 IC is used as modulator and Op-Amp 324 IC is used as demodulator.

Objectives:

To construct and observe Frequency Shift Keying modulation & demodulation.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V, -12V, +5V, -5V.
4051 IC for modulator circuit.
8038 IC for carrier generator.
7490 IC for data generator.
324 IC for Demodulator.

Objectives:

To observe a FSK transmitter and to observe the square-wave signal that simulates a data pulse train that changes the output signals frequency shift in response to the square wave input.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +5V, -5V @ 250mA.
555 IC is used as FSK modulator.
565 IC is used as demodulator.

Objectives:

To study the pulse code modulation & Demodulation.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V,-12V, +5V, -5V @ 500mA.
Variable AF generator 20Hz to 150Hz.
Clock generator with fixed frequency of 10KHz.
Data output with LED variations.
Variable DC voltage -5V to +5V.
ADC 800 IC, 74 LS 165 IC are used in modulation.
74 LS 164 IC, 74 LS 374 IC(buffer), DAC 800 IC and an LPF are used in Demodulation.

Objectives:

To construct differential phase shift keying modulator and demodulator.

Specifications:

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V, -12V, +5V @ 500mA.
8038 IC is used as carrier generator.
7490 IC is used as data generator.
4051 IC, 7474 IC, 741 IC are used in modulator.
7486 IC is used in demodulator circuit.

Objectives:

To observe delta modulator and demodulator.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V,-12V, +5v @ 500mA
555 IC is used as clock generator.
TL084 IC is used as AF generator.
Comparator 311 IC, 7400 Nand gate, 74193 Updown binary counters, Digital to analog converter DAC 0800 IC are used in modulator circuit.
7400, 74193, DAC 0800 IC's and a low pass filter circuit used in Demodulator.

Objectives:

To construct phase shift keying modulator and demodulator.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V, -12V, +5V @ 500mA.
8038 IC is used as carrier generator and 7490 IC is used as data generator.
4051 IC, 324 IC are used in modulator circuit.
7486 IC is used in demodulator circuit.

Objectives:

To study the differential pulse code modulation and demodulation.

Specifications :

Variable AF generator 15Hz to 30Hz.
Variable DC voltage -5V to +5V.

Objectives:

To study amplitude shift keying modulation and demodulation.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V, -12V, +5V, -5V @ 500mA.
8038 IC is used as carrier generator and 7490 IC is used as data generator.
4051 IC, 324 IC are used in modulator circuit.
7486 IC is used in demodulator circuit.

Objectives:

To construct time division multiplexer and de-multiplexer.

Specifications :

In built carrier generator.
3 different frequency data signal's are generated by using 74163 IC.
Built in fixed power supply +5V, -5V @ 250mA
Modulation & demodulation are individually provided on board by using 4051 IC.

Objectives:

To construct and to verify the sampling theorem.

Specifications :

Built in fixed power supplies of +12V, -12V @ 250mA.
Variable clock frequency 3-30KHz (low) and 6-60KHz (High)
4016 IC is used for sampling and LM 324 IC is used for reconstructing the signal.
Additional Op-Amp and CMOS are provided for external use.

Objectives:

To construct a quadrature phase shift keying modulation and demodulation.

Specifications :

In built fixed power supply of +5V @ 250mA.
In built carrier generator and data generator.To change data signals a switch is provided on board.
Modulator, phase detector, bit pair detector, demodulator are provided on board.